What is a Craniotomy?
A craniotomy is a surgical procedure in which part of the skull (called a bone flap) is temporarily removed to access the brain. It is performed to treat conditions such as brain tumors, aneurysms, traumatic brain injuries, or epilepsy. After the procedure, the bone flap is usually replaced and secured with plates or screws.
How does the wound happen?
The surgeon makes an incision in the scalp, then uses specialized tools to cut and lift a section of the skull. This creates a deep wound that passes through the skin, muscle, and bone. Once the surgery is complete, the bone flap is repositioned and the scalp is stitched or stapled closed.
What Happens If Not Treated Properly?
- Infection (Scalp, Skull, or Brain): Poor wound hygiene can lead to infections such as meningitis, scalp abscesses, or even a brain infection, which can be life-threatening.
- Wound Dehiscence or Bone Flap Issues: If the wound reopens or the bone flap does not heal properly, it can cause instability in the skull or require additional surgery.
- Swelling and Fluid Accumulation: Improper drainage or pressure can lead to serious complications like intracranial pressure or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks.
- Severe Scarring or Numbness: The scalp may develop thick scars or areas of long-term numbness due to nerve involvement.
- Neurological Symptoms: If infection or pressure develops, patients may experience confusion, seizures, headaches, or other neurological deficits.
